General information only. This article explains dental topics in general terms and isn’t a substitute for personal advice. Everyone’s oral health and dental needs are different, so please see a dentist for advice that applies to you.
Preventative dental care aims to stop problems such as decay and gum disease before they start, or find them early when treatment is simpler. It combines what you do at home with check-ups and preventive treatments at the dentist. This article covers the main parts of preventative care.
Check-ups and cleans
At a check-up the dentist examines your teeth, gums and mouth for decay, gum disease, worn or broken fillings and other changes, and takes X-rays when needed. A professional clean removes hardened plaque (tartar) that brushing cannot. Many problems cause no symptoms until they are advanced, so regular visits help find them early. How often you need a check-up depends on your oral health and risk; many people are seen every six to twelve months, and some need more frequent visits.
Fissure sealants and fluoride
Fissure sealants are protective coatings on the grooves of back teeth, most often used for children’s new permanent molars. Fluoride strengthens enamel and can help reverse very early decay. As well as fluoride toothpaste and fluoridated tap water, a dentist may apply fluoride varnish or recommend a high-fluoride toothpaste if you have a higher risk of decay.
Checking for oral cancer
A check-up includes looking at the tongue, cheeks, gums, floor and roof of the mouth and lips for ulcers, patches or lumps. Finding changes early improves outcomes. Smoking, alcohol and some HPV infections increase risk. See a dentist or doctor about any ulcer or patch that has not healed within two weeks. See oral cancer.
Mouthguards
A custom-fitted mouthguard is recommended for contact sports and sports where there is a risk of a blow to the face. It fits closely, stays in place and allows easier breathing and speech than a generic guard. People who grind or clench at night may be advised to wear a night guard (occlusal splint) to protect the teeth from wear.
Brushing and cleaning between teeth
- Brush twice a day for about two minutes with a soft-bristled brush and fluoride toothpaste.
- Angle the bristles towards the gum line and use gentle, small movements rather than hard scrubbing.
- Spit out the toothpaste after brushing rather than rinsing, so fluoride stays on the teeth.
- Clean between your teeth once a day with floss or interdental brushes. With floss, curve it in a C-shape around each tooth and slide it gently below the gum line.
- Replace your toothbrush every three months, or sooner if the bristles are splayed. Manual and electric brushes both work well when used properly.
Diet and oral health
How often you have sugar matters more than how much. Limit sugary snacks and drinks, especially between meals, and choose water, preferably fluoridated tap water. Acidic drinks such as soft drinks, sports drinks and juice can erode enamel. Cheese, plain yoghurt, nuts and vegetables are tooth-friendly snacks. Drinking enough water also helps maintain saliva, which protects teeth.
Common questions
Can children benefit?
Yes. Children’s check-ups, fissure sealants, fluoride and advice for parents help prevent decay. Eligible children may be covered through the Child Dental Benefits Schedule. See children’s dentistry.
Do health funds cover preventive care?
Many extras policies cover check-ups, cleans and X-rays. Check your policy for limits.